Saturday, May 11, 2013

No-win situation for agricultural expansion in the Amazon

May 10, 2013 ? The large-scale expansion of agriculture in the Amazon through deforestation will be a no-win scenario, according to a new study.

Published today, 10 May, in IOP Publishing's journal Environmental Research Letters, it shows that deforestation will not only reduce the capacity of the Amazon's natural carbon sink, but will also inflict climate feedbacks that will decrease the productivity of pasture and soybeans.

The researchers used model simulations to assess how the agricultural yield of the Amazon would be affected under two different land-use scenarios: a business-as-usual scenario where recent deforestation trends continue and new protected areas are not created; and a governance scenario which assumes Brazilian environmental legislation is implemented.

They predict that by 2050, a decrease in precipitation caused by deforestation in the Amazon will reduce pasture productivity by 30 per cent in the governance scenario and by 34 per cent in the business-as-usual scenario.

Furthermore, increasing temperatures could cause a reduction in soybean yield by 24 per cent in a governance scenario and by 28 per cent under a business-as-usual scenario.

Through a combination of the forest biomass removal itself, and the resulting climate change, which feeds back on the ecosystem productivity, the researchers calculate that biomass on the ground could decline by up to 65 per cent for the period 2041-2060

Brazil faces a huge challenge as pressure mounts to convert forestlands to croplands and cattle pasturelands in the Amazon. A fine balance must be struck, however, as the natural ecosystems sustain food production, maintain water and forest resources, regulate climate and air quality, and ameliorate infectious diseases.

Lead author of the study, Dr Leydimere Oliveira, said: "We were initially interested in quantifying the environmental services provided by the Amazon and their replacement by agricultural output.

"We expected to see some kind of compensation or off put, but it was a surprise to us that high levels of deforestation could be a no-win scenario -- the loss of environmental services provided by the deforestation may not be offset by an increase in agriculture production."

The researchers, from the Federal University of Vi?osa, Federal University of Pampa, Federal University of Minas Gerais and the Woods Hole Research Center, show that the effects of deforestation will be felt most in the eastern Par? and northern Maranh?o regions.

Here the local precipitation appears to depend strongly on forests and changes in land cover would drastically affect the local climate, possibly to a point where agriculture becomes unviable.

"There may be a limit for expansion of agriculture in Amazonia. Below this limit, there are not important economic consequences of this expansion.. Beyond this limit, the feedbacks that we demonstrated start to introduce significant losses in the agriculture production," continued Dr Oliveira.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/8VIYXcUidBo/130510075524.htm

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Friday, May 10, 2013

Samsung SM-C101 hits Bluetooth SIG, rumored to be next Galaxy Camera

DNP Mysterious Samsung smartphone hits the Bluetooth sig, rumors say it could be a new Galaxy Camera

Slapping Android on a point-and-shoot worked surprisingly well for Samsung with the Galaxy Camera, but the device did have flaws -- not least its size and inability to make phone calls. A rumor that originated on SamMobile a few days ago suggested that the South Korean handset maker is working on a sequel called the SM-C101 (or possibly "S4 Zoom") that adds an ear piece and shrinks the screen down to 4.3-inches from the original model's 4.8-inch display. Another rumor at Hi-Tech.Mail.Ru hints at a smaller 10x zoom, instead of 21x.

Now, this very same SM-C101 model number has cropped up on the Bluetooth SIG's website, leading us to believe that something is up. The rumors also point towards this mysterious handset having a 16-megapixel sensor, qHD AMOLED display, 8GB of built-in storage along with a microSD card slot and Bluetooth 4.0 Low Energy support. At first glance, a smaller screen with fewer pixels may not sound too appealing, but if it results in a cheaper, longer lasting and more pocketable device, then we might be persuaded.

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Source: Bluetooth SIG, SamMobile, Hi-Tech.Mail.Ru (translated)

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/05/10/samsung-SM-C1010-bluetooth-sig/?utm_medium=feed&utm_source=Feed_Classic&utm_campaign=Engadget

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Actor Neil Patrick Harris returns to host 67th Tony Awards

NEW YORK (Reuters) - Actor Neil Patrick Harris will return to host the 67th Tony Awards at Radio City Music Hall on June 9th in what will be his fourth stint on the show that honors the best of Broadway, organizers said on Thursday.

The Emmy Award winner and star of the TV comedy "How I Met Your Mother," who won plaudits for hosting the Tony Awards last year, said he was very excited to be back.

"It'll be more impressive than ever - if my math is correct, it will be 267 times bigger than last year," Harris said in a statement.

"Oh wait. No. That can't ... hold on ... carry the one ... I'm awful at math. But rest assured, the show will rock."

The Broadway League and the American Theatre Wing, the presenters of the Tony Awards, praised Harris for "his creativity and passion for Broadway."

The actor is a three-time Emmy Award winner for his guest roles on "Glee" and as host of the 2009 and 2011 Tony Awards.

"Kinky Boots," a musical with a score by pop star Cyndi Lauper, earned 13 Tony nominations, followed by "Matilda," a British import, which received 12.

Both shows will be vying for the best musical award along with "Bring It On: The Musical" and "A Christmas Story: The Musical." Lauper was nominated for best score along with book writer Harvey Fierstein and three members of the show's cast.

Actor Tom Hanks, who made his Broadway debut in the Nora Ephron play "Lucky Guy," is up for the best actor award. Other Hollywood stars including Cicely Tyson, Laurie Metcalf, Holland Taylor and David Hyde Pierce have also been nominated for awards.

The Tony Awards show will be aired live on TV.

(Reporting by Patricia Reaney; Additional reporting by Chris Michaud; Editing by Vicki Allen)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/actor-neil-patrick-harris-returns-host-67th-tony-150547688.html

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Soy and tomato may be effective in preventing prostate cancer

May 8, 2013 ? Tomatoes and soy foods may be more effective in preventing prostate cancer when they are eaten together than when either is eaten alone, said a University of Illinois study.

"In our study, we used mice that were genetically engineered to develop an aggressive form of prostate cancer. Even so, half the animals that had consumed tomato and soy had no cancerous lesions in the prostate at study's end. All mice in the control group -- no soy, no tomato -- developed the disease," said John Erdman, a U of I professor of food science and nutrition.

From the time they were 4 to 18 weeks old, the animals were fed one of four diets: (1) 10 percent whole tomato powder; (2) 2 percent soy germ; (3) tomato powder plus soy germ; and (4) a control group that ate neither tomato nor soy.

The 4- to 18-week time frame modeled an early and lifelong exposure to the bioactive components in these foods, he said.

"Eating tomato, soy, and the combination all significantly reduced prostate cancer incidence. But the combination gave us the best results. Only 45 percent of mice fed both foods developed the disease compared to 61 percent in the tomato group, and 66 percent in the soy group," he said.

Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men, but the disease has nearly a 100 percent survival rate if it's caught early. In older men, it is often a slow-growing cancer, and these men often choose watchful waiting over radiation and surgical treatments that have unwelcome side effects, said Krystle Zuniga, co-author of the paper.

Soy isoflavone serum and prostate levels in the mice are similar to those found in Asian men who consume one to two servings of soy daily. In countries where soy is eaten regularly, prostate cancer occurs at significantly lower levels, Erdman noted.

How much soy and tomato should a 55-year-old man concerned about prostate health eat in order to receive these benefits?

"The results of the mouse study suggest that three to four servings of tomato products per week and one to two servings of soy foods daily could protect against prostate cancer," Zuniga said.

According to the scientists, these findings reinforce the recommendation that we should all eat a wide variety of whole fruits and vegetables.

"It's better to eat a whole tomato than to take a lycopene supplement. It's better to drink soy milk than to take soy isoflavones. When you eat whole foods, you expose yourself to the entire array of cancer-fighting, bioactive components in these foods," Erdman said.

The researcher's whole-food recommendation is bolstered by the way soy germ performed in this study. He noted that soy germ has a very different isoflavone profile than the rest of the soybean.

"Of the isoflavones, genistein gets most of the attention. But soy germ is very high in the other isoflavones, daidzein and glycitein, and low in genistein," he said.

It was interesting for the scientists to see that the soy product they used, although low in genistein, was still very effective at reducing cancer incidence.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/j2xBda2yelI/130508114307.htm

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Thursday, May 9, 2013

Hope can be painful for families of missing kids

Gina DeJesus gives a thumbs-up as she is escorted toward her home Wednesday, May 8, 2013, in Cleveland. The three women held captive for about a decade at a run-down Cleveland house were apparently bound with ropes and chains, police said Wednesday, while charges were expected by the end of the day against the three brothers under arrest. (AP Photo/Tony Dejak)

Gina DeJesus gives a thumbs-up as she is escorted toward her home Wednesday, May 8, 2013, in Cleveland. The three women held captive for about a decade at a run-down Cleveland house were apparently bound with ropes and chains, police said Wednesday, while charges were expected by the end of the day against the three brothers under arrest. (AP Photo/Tony Dejak)

Pastor Larry Harris, center, leads a prayer vigil near the home where three women held captive for a decade, in Cleveland, Ohio, Wednesday, May 8, 2013. Charges were expected by the end of the day against the owner of the house where the women were discovered, Ariel Castro, 52, and brothers Onil, 50, and Pedro, 54. (AP Photo/David Duprey)

FILE - In this Tuesday, May 7, 2013 file photo, Jaycee Dugard, right, and her mother Terry Probyn appear with their Hope Award at the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children annual Hope Awards in Washington. Dugard, who was missing for more than 18 years before being rescued, urged the audience not to give up on missing children. (AP Photo/Cliff Owen, File)

(AP) ? The miraculous rescue of three missing women has given hope to many families whose loved ones have vanished. Yet hope, when searching for a long-lost child, can be a dangerous thing.

Thousands of children are missing across the country. The longer they are gone, the smaller the chances they will be found alive. So when three women who had been missing for a decade or more emerged from the house where they had been held captive, it provided an extraordinarily rare happy ending.

"I would definitely say it was a miracle," said Kelly Murphy, who founded Project Jason after her own son vanished to help other such families.

Murphy had worked with two of the Cleveland families while their daughters were missing. After they were found, she heard from many others who are still searching.

"The general response is that it gives us all hope," Murphy said. "I'm in the situation too, with my son almost missing for 12 years without a trace and without clues. It definitely gives us hope that there is a chance. If it happened to those girls, it can happen to us."

"To have hope helps you get through each day, hope that there's a good answer instead of the answer that nobody wants. It just helps you keep going, because it's very difficult to have to live with ambiguous loss."

But how much does it help to hope for a miracle, which by definition is almost impossible?

Some, like Murphy, need to keep that spark alive, however small. Others, like Jody Himebaugh, need to protect their emotions.

Himebaugh knows about what happened in Cleveland, but has avoided the details. His son Mark disappeared in 1991, at age 11.

"Every time I watch this kind of stuff, it rekindles the last 23 years," he said. "All it does, it just gives us hope again."

For Himebaugh, hope hurts. Whether hope is more painful than saying a permanent goodbye ? that's impossible to figure.

"For the past 23 years, I've been happy for the families over that time who have recovered their kids, dead or alive," he said. "At least they've got closure. My biggest fear is I'm going to go to my grave and never know what happened to Mark, and why."

The flip side of that fear is hope ? and the loved ones of the missing hold tight to every glimmer. Advocates and others often speak of persistence, of keeping missing children's images in the public eye, of always working to make sure the public stays alert for the one tiny detail that could end a family's agony.

"What an amazing time to be talking about hope, with everything that's happening," Jaycee Dugard, who was missing for more than 18 years before being rescued, said this week at an awards ceremony where she urged the audience not to give up on missing children.

In Cleveland, several religious leaders spoke on that theme Wednesday. Catholic Bishop Richard Lennon posted a video message urging viewers to pray that missing people "may have the strength of the virtue of hope and that their families also may never give up hope."

After a prayer gathering on the block where the women were found, pastor Larry Harris of Mount Olive Missionary Baptist Church said, "There's a hope that many, many more will be coming back home."

On the block where the three women were found, Tonia Adkins was wearing a T-shirt printed with the face of her missing sister, Christina Adkins. Cristina vanished in 1995 at age 17, four blocks from the house where the women were held captive.

The arrests of three brothers has given the Adkins family hope for Christina, but has also stoked the dread that has been part of their lives for 18 years.

"I do believe that they're gonna break open some cases," Tonia Adkins said. "I'm scared that I'm gonna get the news that my sister's not alive."

The space between hope and resignation is a difficult place.

"It's an absolutely terrible predicament to be in. I can't imagine what families go through wondering ? just the lack of knowing," said Bob Hoever, director of special programs with the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.

He recommends hope, and sees this as the powerful lesson of the Cleveland case.

"I believe this is a tremendous boost to families giving them hope, that we should never give up looking for their children," Hoever said. "The National Center never stops looking for a missing child. As long as they're missing, we will continue looking."

But Sherry Hamby, a psychology professor at Sewanee: The University of the South who studies the victimization of children, said some families can become frozen in time at the point their child disappeared.

"At some point, after so many years have gone by, there's a lot to be said for closure," Hamby said. "It's just not a natural state of being for humans to be frozen in this time, waiting. We can't stay in that kind of limbo forever."

The most difficult decisions, Hamby said, can involve what seem like mundane details.

"Are you going to pack up that child's things? Are you going to convert that room to another use?" she said. "I think the need for psychological closure just is necessary because of the concrete limitations that we are facing. It's just hard to go through life trying to not make any changes."

Murphy, of Project Jason, knows families who have chosen to believe their missing child is dead, and she does not begrudge them that choice.

But Murphy holds onto hope, "because it keeps us focused on the future."

"It's just unfortunate that in our case," she said, "we don't know what the future holds."

___

Online:

Project Jason: http://www.projectjason.org.

National Center for Missing and Exploited Children: http://www.missingkids.org.

___

Associated Press writers Meghan Barr in Cleveland and Kantele Franko in Columbus, Ohio, contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-05-09-Missing%20Women%20Found-Hope/id-a1aa1198ce4441d28162542597e59c86

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Nokia Lumia 928 vs. iPhone 5 vs. Galaxy S III: Video Footage Comparison [Watch]

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Colorado legislature sets marijuana limits for motorists

By Keith Coffman

DENVER (Reuters) - Lawmakers took a key step toward implementing Colorado's recreational marijuana law on Tuesday when they set blood-level limits for driving, but a measure to tax retail pot was in limbo a day before the legislative session was set to end.

Along with Washington state, Colorado voters in November approved the use of small amounts of marijuana by adults. The Colorado vote directed state lawmakers to set up a regulatory framework for the sale and taxation of cannabis.

The driving-while-stoned bill sets a 5-nanogram-per-milliliter threshold for tetrahydrocannabinol, the active ingredient in marijuana. The proposal now heads to Governor John Hickenlooper, who has indicated his support for the measure.

"I think this is an important part" of regulating pot, Hickenlooper, a Democrat, told reporters on Monday.

Washington had the 5-nanogram limit set in its ballot language that voters approved in November.

Colorado legislature had failed in its previous attempts to impose a marijuana limit for driving under the state's medical pot law, which has been in effect since 2001.

Still pending in the legislature is a measure to tax recreational pot, which under the state constitution requires voter approval to implement. It is unclear what the ramifications would be for pot legalization if it fails.

The state Senate gave initial approval on Tuesday to impose a 15 percent excise tax and a 10 percent sales tax on retail pot sales. A final Senate vote is to be taken on Wednesday before it heads back to the House, where a final vote will need to be recorded before the session expires at midnight in order for it to move to the governor's office.

The state House of Representatives passed a bipartisan resolution asking for direction from the federal government, which considers marijuana an illegal narcotic, on how to proceed with regulating recreational pot.

"We need to know how the federal government is going to approach this issue," House Republican leader Mark Waller said in a statement.

"In less than a year, Coloradans will begin buying and selling marijuana, and we need to be sure we implement (the law) in a way that respects the will of voters and clarifies our understanding of both federal and state law."

(Editing by Dan Whitcomb and Mohammad Zargham)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/colorado-legislature-sets-marijuana-limits-motorists-030448653.html

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